What is the Qur’an?
The Qur’an, the Torah, the Gospel are Scriptures of Allah that He sent down to His Messengers (peace be upon them). The “Qur’an” is Allah’s speech, not a created thing that may perish nor is it an attribute of any created thing. Jibreel (Gabriel) brought down the Qur’an to Muhammad, (pbuh) bit by bit as circumstances warranted, over a period of twenty-three years. The Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) would memorize the verses he received and recite them to the companions who happened to be whit him and order them to write the verses down immediately. Muhammad (pbuh) himself used to keep a copy of the revealed portions in his house. The Qur’an, the last of Allah’s Scriptures, is divided into 114 suwar of unequal length.
It is one of the fundamental sources of Islamic teachings. Allah revealed some of the Qur’an’s suwar and ayaat in Makkah, and the rest He revealed in Madinah. The Makkan suwar and verses deal mainly whit the issues of aqeedah such as, tawhid, the belief in the Oneness of Allah, the sings of the existence of Allah, resurrection, and the Day of Resurrection. The Prophet (pbuh) laid great emphasis on the Oneness of Allah, so did all the Prophets and Messengers of Allah before him, beginning whit Adam and ending whit Muhammad (pbut all). The suwar revealed in Madinah dealt whit the actions of the individuals and every aspect of life, including forms of worship.